Male Infertility

Male Infertility

Kemandulan Lelaki , Rawatan

Some of the reason for male infertility / Sterility

Pretesticular or progeminal causes

Central Gonedotropin Deficiency• Hypothalamic : Gongenital GnRH deficiency, tumor, infection, head trauma.
• Pituitry : Congenital; FSH/LH deficiency, tumor, infaction, trauma
• Other: Sarcoidosis, haemochromalcosis

Endocrine Excess Syndromes• Estrogen; Functional tumor of adrene, Cirrhosis
• Androgen : Congenital adrenal hypoplasie
• Glucocorticoid
• Cushing’s syndrome
• Streoid Treatment : Ulcerrative Colitis, asthma.

Others• Hypothyroidism
• Diabetes Mellitus

Testicular Causes• Chromosomal abnormalities – Klinefelter’s Syndrome – 47 XXY

Cryptorchidism, unilateral or bilateral
Radiation , Chemotherapy
Mumps, viral Orchitis
TraumaSertoli-call only syndrome
Idiopathic maturation arrest
Androgen receptor abnormality / androgen insensitivity syndrome

Posttesticular Causes• Congenital ductal obstruction – vas deferen epididymis
• Acquired ductal block – STD gonorrhoea, syphilis, Veneral Disease

Guide to Standard Semen Analysis

Parameter - Recommendation [ Normal Value ]
• Abstinence - 5 [ 3-7 ] days
• Collection - Masturbation [ Coitus Interruptus ]
• Volume - 2-6 ml
• Viscocity - Full liquefaction within 60 minutes
• Sperm Density – 40 – 250 million / ml
• Sperm Mortality – Good , very good , 1st hour 60%, 2-3 hours 50%
• Vitality - 35 % dead cells
• Sperm Morphology - 60 % with normal configuration
• Acid Phosphate – 25,000 – 60,000 IU/mL
• Zinc - 90 – 250 ug/mL
• Fructose - 150- 600 mg/dL

Futher Reading Infertility in Malaysia
http://www.geocities.com/infertility_my